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Alexander B. Downes Targeting Civilians in War (Paperback)
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Item specifics
- Condition
- Book Title
- Targeting Civilians in War
- Publication Name
- Targeting Civilians in War
- Title
- Targeting Civilians in War
- Format
- Trade Paperback
- ISBN-10
- 0801478375
- EAN
- 9780801478376
- ISBN
- 9780801478376
- Publisher
- Cornell University Press
- Genre
- History, Social Science, Political Science
- Release Date
- 28/08/2012
- Release Year
- 2012
- Language
- English
- Country/Region of Manufacture
- US
- Item Height
- 0.8in
- Item Length
- 9.2in
- Item Width
- 6.1in
- Item Weight
- 16 Oz
- Series
- Cornell Studies in Security Affairs
- Publication Year
- 2012
- Topic
- Military / Strategy, Sociology / General, Military / General, Security (National & International)
- Number of Pages
- 328 Pages
About this product
Product Information
Accidental harm to civilians in warfare often becomes an occasion for public outrage, from citizens of both the victimized and the victimizing nation. In this vitally important book on a topic of acute concern for anyone interested in military strategy, international security, or human rights, Alexander B. Downes reminds readers that democratic and authoritarian governments alike will sometimes deliberately kill large numbers of civilians as a matter of military strategy. What leads governments to make such a choice? Downes examines several historical cases: British counterinsurgency tactics during the Boer War, the starvation blockade used by the Allies against Germany in World War I, Axis and Allied bombing campaigns in World War II, and ethnic cleansing in the Palestine War. He concludes that governments decide to target civilian populations for two main reasons--desperation to reduce their own military casualties or avert defeat, or a desire to seize and annex enemy territory. When a state's military fortunes take a turn for the worse, he finds, civilians are more likely to be declared legitimate targets to coerce the enemy state to give up. When territorial conquest and annexation are the aims of warfare, the population of the disputed land is viewed as a threat and the aggressor state may target those civilians to remove them. Democracies historically have proven especially likely to target civilians in desperate circumstances. In Targeting Civilians in War, Downes explores several major recent conflicts, including the 1991 Persian Gulf War and the American-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. Civilian casualties occurred in each campaign, but they were not the aim of military action. In these cases, Downes maintains, the achievement of quick and decisive victories against overmatched foes allowed democracies to win without abandoning their normative beliefs by intentionally targeting civilians. Whether such "restraint" can be guaranteed in future conflicts against more powerful adversaries is, however, uncertain. During times of war, democratic societies suffer tension between norms of humane conduct and pressures to win at the lowest possible costs. The painful lesson of Targeting Civilians in War is that when these two concerns clash, the latter usually prevails.
Product Identifiers
Publisher
Cornell University Press
ISBN-10
0801478375
ISBN-13
9780801478376
eBay Product ID (ePID)
143652995
Product Key Features
Book Title
Targeting Civilians in War
Format
Trade Paperback
Language
English
Topic
Military / Strategy, Sociology / General, Military / General, Security (National & International)
Publication Year
2012
Genre
History, Social Science, Political Science
Number of Pages
328 Pages
Dimensions
Item Length
9.2in
Item Height
0.8in
Item Width
6.1in
Item Weight
16 Oz
Additional Product Features
Lc Classification Number
U21.2.D587 2012
Grade from
College Graduate Student
Reviews
"This is a magnificent work and towering achievement. With both innovative historical studies and comprehensive statistical analysis, Downes powerfully demonstrates an original and disturbing thesis-that democracies are just as likely as autocracies to target civilians in war, and even more so when they fear that they will lose. All scholars of international security and military history should read this book, and we would all benefit if policy advisors did also."-James Kurth, Claude Smith Professor of Political Science, Swarthmore College, "This is a magnificent work and towering achievement. With both innovative historical studies and comprehensive statistical analysis, Downes powerfully demonstrates an original and disturbing thesis--that democracies are just as likely as autocracies to target civilians in war, and even more so when they fear that they will lose. All scholars of international security and military history should read this book, and we would all benefit if policy advisors did also."--James Kurth, Claude Smith Professor of Political Science, Swarthmore College, "In twenty years, people wanting to understand the critically important subject of civilian victimization will turn to this book. Alexander B. Downes argues that the decision to victimize civilians depends primarily on the strategic incentives to do so, regardless of whether the countries involved are democratic. Downes also finds that factors relating to 'identity'--whether the enemy is a different race or culture--are also insignificant. Targeting Civilians in War will become a classic in the field of security studies."--Daryl G. Press, Dartmouth College, author of Calculating Credibility: How Leaders Assess Military Threats, "This is a powerful and disturbing study of the dark side of democracy. 'Democratic Peace Theory' has shown that democracies rarely fight each other. Alexander B. Downes demonstrates, however, that when democracies do go to war, they often fight with their gloves off, ignoring principles of noncombatant immunity."--Scott D. Sagan, Stanford University, "In twenty years, people wanting to understand the critically important subject of civilian victimization will turn to this book. Alexander B. Downes argues that the decision to victimize civilians depends primarily on the strategic incentives to do so, regardless of whether the countries involved are democratic. Downes also finds that factors relating to 'identity'-whether the enemy is a different race or culture-are also insignificant. Targeting Civilians in War will become a classic in the field of security studies."-Daryl G. Press, Dartmouth College, author of Calculating Credibility: How Leaders Assess Military Threats, "This is a powerful and disturbing study of the dark side of democracy. 'Democratic Peace Theory' has shown that democracies rarely fight each other. Alexander B. Downes demonstrates, however, that when democracies do go to war, they often fight with their gloves off, ignoring principles of noncombatant immunity."-Scott D. Sagan, Stanford University
Table of Content
Introduction1. Defining and Explaining Civilian Victimization2. Statistical Tests: Civilian Victimization, Mass Killing, and Civilian Casualties in Interstate Wars3. The Starvation Blockades of World War I: Britain and Germany4. Strategic Bombing in World War II: The Firebombing of Japan and the Blitz5. Guerrilla Warfare, Counterinsurgency, and Civilian Victimization: The Second Anglo-Boer War6. Territorial Annexation and Civilian Victimization: The Founding of the State of Israel, 1947-497. Negative Cases: Why Civilian Victimization Doesn't HappenConclusion Notes Index, Introduction1. Defining and Explaining Civilian Victimization2. Statistical Tests: Civilian Victimization, Mass Killing, and Civilian Casualties in Interstate Wars3. The Starvation Blockades of World War I: Britain and Germany4. Strategic Bombing in World War II: The Firebombing of Japan and the Blitz5. Guerrilla Warfare, Counterinsurgency, and Civilian Victimization: The Second Anglo-Boer War6. Territorial Annexation and Civilian Victimization: The Founding of the State of Israel, 1947?497. Negative Cases: Why Civilian Victimization Doesn't HappenConclusion Notes Index
Copyright Date
2012
Dewey Decimal
172/.42
Intended Audience
Trade
Series
Cornell Studies in Security Affairs Ser.
Dewey Edition
22
Illustrated
Yes
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